Kutheni Ufanele Ukhethe Iitrekhi Zerabha Ze-Excavator Ezinempembelelo Ephantsi?

Xa kucocwa okusingqongileyo—njengokulungiswa komhlaba ongcolisiweyo, ukubuyiselwa komhlaba omanzi, okanye ukuvalwa kwenkunkuma—okanye iiprojekthi zokuhlaziya izixeko, ukunciphisa indawo yezixhobo kubaluleke kakhulu njengomsebenzi wokumba ngokwawo. Oomatshini abanzima baziwa ngokushiya imiqolo enzulu kumhlaba obuthathaka, ukutyumza iinkqubo zeengcambu ezingaphantsi, kunye nokulimala kwe-asphalt ebiza kakhulu. Ukunciphisa lo monakalo ubalulekileyo kunye nokugcina uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali lokubuyiselwa kwendawo lulawulwa, abakhi baxhomekeke ngakumbi kwizisombululo zokulandelela ezingasebenzi kakuhle ezisasaza ubunzima ngokufanelekileyo.

Zithini Iitrekhi Zerabha Zeembacu Zokumba

Ukuqonda ukuba yintoniimizila yerabha yokumbaI-are linyathelo lokuqala ekwenzeni ngcono i-fleet yeendawo ezinobuthathaka. Ezi ndlela zenziwe ngeentambo zentsimbi eziqhubekayo kunye nee-cores zentsimbi ezenziweyo, zonke zigqunywe kwi-compound yerabha ephucukileyo, enganqunyulwanga. Ngokusebenzisa iintambo zentsimbi eziqhubekayo endaweni yamalungu amadala adibeneyo, iindlela zanamhlanje zifikelela ekunyukeni okulinganiselweyo kwamandla okutsalwa, zithintela ukolula ngokuhamba kwexesha. Olu lwakhiwo luphelisa phantse umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kweendlela ngequbuliso phantsi kwemithwalo enzima okanye ukujika kwe-torque ephezulu. Ngaphezu koko, i-casing yerabha ekhethekileyo inika ukuguquguquka okufunekayo ukuhamba kumhlaba ongalinganiyo ngaphandle kokuluma okunoburhalarhume nokukrazula kwesinyithi esingenanto. Nangona kunjalo, abaqhubi kufuneka baqwalasele iingozi zokusingqongileyo: ukuvezwa ixesha elide kwiikhemikhali eziqatha, iioyile, okanye izinyibilikisi—ezixhaphakileyo kumsebenzi wokucoca i-hazmat—zinokonakalisa iikhompawundi zerabha ngaphambi kwexesha ukuba azilawulwa kakuhle.

Indlela Imizila Yerabha Enceda Ngayo Ukukhusela Iindlela Neendawo Eziphezulu

Indlela ephambili ezi ndlela zomzila zikhusela ngayo iindlela kunye nomphezulu kukusasazwa koxinzelelo lomhlaba oluphezulu. Umatshini omncinci wokwemba oqhelekileyo oxhotyiswe ngeiindlela zerabha ezinempembelelo encinciisasaza ubunzima bayo ngokufanelekileyo, isebenzisa uxinzelelo lomhlaba oluhlala luphantsi njenge-3 ukuya kwi-5 psi (20–35 kPa), xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindlela zentsimbi zemveli ezinokudlula ngokulula i-10 psi. Ngenxa yokuba indawo yomatshini ilula kakhulu, inokuqhuba phezu kwengca esele imiselwe, ikhonkrithi yokuhombisa, kunye neendawo zokulungisa okusingqongileyo ezibuthathaka ngaphandle kokubangela ukuqhekeka kwesakhiwo okanye ukuxinana okukhulu komhlaba. Olu xinzelelo lomhlaba luphantsi lubalulekile ekugcineni i-hydrology ebuthathaka kunye nothungelwano lweengcambu kwiindawo zokucoca indalo.

Indlela yokuthelekisa iiTrakhi zerabha neeTrakhi zentsimbi

Ukuphucula izixhobo kufuna ukuvavanya iingenelo zerabha xa kuthelekiswa neendlela zentsimbi zemveli ukulawula iindleko zokusebenza zexesha elide kunye nokuhlangabezana nemigangatho engqongqo yokuthobela iprojekthi. Ukuqonda ukuthengiselana phakathi kwezi zinto zimbini kubalulekile ngaphambi kokuba kusetyenziswe oomatshini kwindawo ethile.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo zokusebenza ekufuneka zithelekiswe

Xa kuthelekiswa izinto ezibalulekileyo zokusebenza, ukuqina, intuthuzelo yomsebenzisi, kunye nempembelelo yokusingqongileyo zezona zinto ziphambili ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe. Iindlela zentsimbi zidla ngokuba nexesha elide, zihlala zidlula iiyure zokusebenza ezingama-2,000 ukuya kuma-3,000 kwiimeko ezirhabaxa kakhulu ezifana nenkunkuma yokudilizwa okanye amatye aqinileyo. Nangona kunjalo, iindlela zerabha zibalasele kwingxolo kunye nokunciphisa ukungcangcazela. Abaqhubi bafumana ukungcangcazela okuncinci kakhulu kwikhabhinethi, okunciphisa ukudinwa ngexesha elide. Ukongeza, irabha inciphisa kakhulu ukukhutshwa kwengxolo—ngokudla ngokunciphisa ingxolo yendawo nge-10 ukuya kwi-15 dB xa kuthelekiswa nokubetheka kwentsimbi kwindlela—into ebalulekileyo yokuthobela umthetho xa usebenza kwiindawo zokuhlala ezinemida engqongqo.

Iinzuzo eziphambili ziquka ubomi, iindleko, kunye nokuba sesichengeni. Iintlobo zerabha zihlala zivelisa iiyure ezili-1,000 ukuya kwi-1,500 kwaye zihlala zinexabiso eliphezulu kwangaphambili ngeyure nganye yobomi bokusebenza. Ukuphila kwazo ixesha elide kuxhomekeke kakhulu kwizakhono zomsebenzi, umhlaba, kunye nobushushu, njengoko iikhompawundi zerabha zinokuchaphazeleka kubushushu obugqithisileyo okanye kubanda.Iingoma zerabhaZisengozini yokusikwa ziingceba ezibukhali, imivalo, kunye nenkunkuma yokudiliza, nto leyo eyenza zingafaneleki kwamatye anzima okanye umsebenzi wokudiliza. Zingabaleka zishushu kwaye ziguge ngokukhawuleza kwiindawo ezirhabaxa, kwaye ziyakwazi ukuqhekeka kwindlela ezikwiintaba ezinde ukuba uxinzelelo lubekwe ngendlela engafanelekanga.

Itheyibhile yokuthelekisa iRubber vs Steel Track

Ukuze kube lula ukwenza izigqibo, i-standard comparison matrix iluncedo. Le theyibhile ingezantsi ichaza umahluko ophambili ekufuneka uqwalaselwe ngaphambi kokuba uthume oomatshini kwindawo ethile.

Ngokujonga le matrix, abaphathi beprojekthi banokugqiba ngokukhawuleza ukuba loluphi ulungiselelo lwe-undercarriage oluya kuvelisa imbuyekezo ephezulu kutyalo-mali kwiiparameter ezithile zeprojekthi, ukuqinisekisa ulungelelwaniso phakathi kokuqina kunye nokukhuselwa kwendawo.

Indlela yokukhetha nokuhambisaIindlela zokumba

Ukukhetha izinto ezifanelekileyo zesithuthi esingaphantsi komhlaba kufuna ukuvavanya ngokukhutheleyo iinkcukacha zomzimba kunye nomgangatho wezinto ezibonakalayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba iindlela zisebenza ngokuthembekileyo phantsi komthwalo. Ukukhetha okungalunganga kunokukhokelela ekususweni kwendlela ngaphambi kwexesha, ukuguguleka ngokukhawuleza kwesithuthi esingaphantsi komhlaba, kunye nokulibaziseka kweprojekthi okubiza kakhulu ngexesha lokucoca okuxineneyo.

Indlela Yokuvavanya Ukufaneleka, Iphethini Yokunyathela, kunye Nomgangatho Werabha

Vavanya ukulingana usebenzisa ifomula yokulinganisa esemgangathweni kushishino: Ububanzi x Iphimbo x Inani leeLinks. Umzekelo, isixhobo sokumba esiqhelekileyo sinokufuna umzila we-300×52.5×84. Ukufaka umzila ngephimbo elingalunganga kuya konakalisa ngokukhawuleza i-drive sprocket. Okulandelayo, vavanya ipateni yokunyathela ngokusekelwe kwindalo esingqongileyo. Ipateni yebhloko inika ukuqina okugqwesileyo kunye nokuhamba okugudileyo kwiindawo eziqinileyo ezifana ne-asphalt, ngelixa uyilo lwe-C-lug lubonelela ngokubamba okuphezulu kunye neempawu zokuzicoca kumhlaba odaka, udongwe olumanzi, okanye kwiindawo zokubuyisela imimandla enamanzi amdaka.

Okokugqibela, umgangatho webhulabha awunakuxoxiswana ngawo. Khangela iindlela ezenziwe ngomlinganiselo ophezulu webhulabha yendalo ukuya kwi-synthetic kunye nobunzulu obukhulu bokunyathela kwefektri ukuqinisekisa ukubamba ngokwaneleyo kulo lonke ixesha lokusebenza kwendlela. Ngaphaya kwemigangatho yokuthenga, ukugcinwa okufanelekileyo kubalulekile ukuze kuphuculwe ixesha lokuphila. Abaqhubi kufuneka balungise uxinzelelo lwendlela rhoqo, bajonge ukulungelelaniswa kwe-sprocket, kwaye baphephe ukujikajika kwiindawo ezirhabaxa ukuthintela ukuguguleka kwangaphambi kwexesha kunye nokususwa kwendlela.

Xa iiTracks zerabha ezinefuthe eliphantsi zezona zikhetho zilungileyo

Imigca yerabha engenampembelelo iphantsi lukhetho olusebenzayo kakhulu xa imeko yendawo ifuna ukuba umphezulu uphazamiseke kancinci kwaye iindleko zokulungisa indawo zincitshiswe.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe

• Sebenzisa iindlela zerabha ezingachaphazeleki kakhulu kwiindawo zokucoca apho ukukhusela i-asphalt, ingca, iindawo ezimanzi, iinkqubo zeengcambu, okanye ikhonkrithi yokuhombisa kuyinto ephambili kwiprojekthi.
• Khetha iindlela zerabha xa uxinzelelo lomhlaba lubalulekile, kuba ezinye ii-mini-gravator zinokusebenza malunga ne-3 ukuya kwi-5 psi xa kuthelekiswa neendlela zentsimbi ezinokudlula i-10 psi.
• Khetha iindlela zerabha zomsebenzi wasezidolophini okanye weendawo zokuhlala xa ukunciphisa ingxolo malunga ne-10 ukuya kwi-15 dB kunokunceda ukuhlangabezana nemida yendawo.
• Lindela ukuba imikhondo yerabha ihlale iiyure zokusebenza ezimalunga ne-1,000 ukuya kwi-1,500, ngelixa imikhondo yentsimbi inokufikelela kwiiyure ezingama-2,000 ukuya kuma-3,000 kwiindawo ezibhidlizwayo okanye kwiindawo ezinamatye.
• Hlola kwaye ucoce imikhondo yerabha emva komsebenzi we-hazmat okanye womhlaba ongcolisiweyo kuba iioyile, izinyibilikisi, kunye neekhemikhali eziqatha zinokunciphisa ubomi bezinto zerabha ezidityanisiweyo.

Imibuzo ebuzwa qho

Kutheni imigca yerabha iluncedo ngexesha lokucoca okusingqongileyo?

Imizila yerabha isasaza ubunzima bomatshini kwindawo ebanzi yoqhagamshelwano, inciphisa ukuxinana komhlaba, ukuxinana komhlaba, kunye nomonakalo womphezulu. Oku kunceda ukukhusela iindawo ezimanzi, ingca, i-asphalt, ikhonkrithi yokuhombisa, kunye neendawo zokulungisa apho ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kuyinxalenye yemfuneko yeprojekthi.

Uxinzelelo lomhlaba olungakanani olunokuba nefuthe eliphantsiiindlela zokumba irabhaukuzibhokoxa?

Ii-mini-excavators ezininzi ezinee-raber tracks ezingasebenzi kakuhle zinokusebenzisa malunga ne-3 ukuya kwi-5 psi, kuxhomekeke kubunzima bomatshini kunye nobukhulu be-track. Oko kudla ngokuba phantsi kakhulu kune-steel-track setups, ezinokudlula i-10 psi kwiindawo eziqinileyo okanye ezinobuthathaka.

Ngaba imiqolo yerabha ihlala ixesha elide njengemiqolo yentsimbi?

Ngokwesiqhelo akunjalo. Imigca yentsimbi inokuhlala iiyure ezingama-2,000 ukuya kuma-3,000 kwiimeko ezirhabaxa, ngelixa imigca yerabha idla ngokuba neeyure ezimalunga ne-1,000 ukuya kwi-1,500. Irabha idla ngokukhethwa ukhuseleko lomphezulu, ingxolo ephantsi, kunye nentuthuzelo yomsebenzisi endaweni yobomi obuphezulu.

Ngaba imigca yerabha inganciphisa ingxolo kwindawo yokusebenza?

Ewe. Imizila yerabha inokunciphisa ingxolo malunga ne-10 ukuya kwi-15 dB xa ithelekiswa nemizila yentsimbi esecaleni kwendlela. Oku kuyenza ibe luncedo ekuhlaziyweni kwezixeko, kwimisebenzi yokuhlala, ezikolweni, ezibhedlele, nakwiindawo zokucoca ezinemiqathango yengxolo.

Zenziwe ngantoni iindlela zerabha zombhobho wanamhlanje?

Imizila yerabha yanamhlanje idla ngokusebenzisa iintambo zentsimbi eziqhubekayo kunye neengcingo zentsimbi eziqiniweyo ezigqunywe ngerabha enganqunyulwanga. Olu lwakhiwo luphucula amandla okutsalwa, lunciphisa ukunwebeka, kwaye lunceda ukuthintela ukungaphumeleli ngequbuliso komzila phantsi kwemithwalo enzima.