Kungani Kufanele Ukhethe Amathrekhi Enjoloba Engathinteki Kakhulu E-Excavator

Uma kwenziwa umsebenzi wokuhlanza imvelo—njengokulungisa inhlabathi engcolisiwe, ukuvuselela izindawo ezimanzi, noma ukuvala imfucuza—noma amaphrojekthi okuvuselela amadolobha, ukunciphisa indawo yokusebenza kwemishini kubaluleke kakhulu njengomsebenzi wokumba ngokwawo. Imishini esindayo idume ngokushiya imisele ejulile enhlabathini ebucayi, ukuchoboza izimpande ezingajulile, kanye nokulimala kwe-asphalt ebizayo. Ukuze kuncishiswe lo monakalo obalulekile futhi kugcinwe isabelomali sokulungisa indawo silawulwa, osonkontileka bathembela kakhulu ezixazululweni zokulandelela ezinomthelela ophansi ezisabalalisa isisindo ngempumelelo.

Yiziphi Izindlela Zenjoloba Zomgubhi Wemivubukulo

Ukuqonda ukuthi yiniamathrekhi enjoloba omgodiI-are iyisinyathelo sokuqala sokwenza ngcono imikhumbi yezindawo ezibucayi. Lawa mathrekhi aklanywe ngezintambo zensimbi eziqhubekayo kanye nama-core ensimbi ahlanganisiwe, konke kufakwe engxubeni yerabha ethuthukisiwe, enganqunywa. Ngokusebenzisa izintambo zensimbi eziqhubekayo kunezihlanganisi ezindala ezihambisanayo, amathrekhi esimanje afinyelela ukwanda okulinganiselwe kwamandla okudonswa, okuvimbela ukwelula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lokhu kuqina kwesakhiwo kuqeda cishe ingozi yokuphuka kwethrekhi ngokuzumayo ngaphansi kwemithwalo esindayo noma ukujika kwe-torque ephezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-casing yerabha ekhethekile inikeza ukuguquguquka okudingekayo ukuze kudlule indawo engalingani ngaphandle kokulunywa okunamandla nokudabula kwensimbi engenalutho. Kodwa-ke, abaqhubi kumele bacabangele izingozi zemvelo: ukuchayeka isikhathi eside kumakhemikhali aqinile, uwoyela, noma izinyibilikisi - ezivame kakhulu emsebenzini wokuhlanza i-hazmat - kungalimaza amakhemikhali erabha ngaphambi kwesikhathi uma kungaphathwa kahle.

Indlela Imizila Yenjoloba Esiza Ngayo Ukuvikela Imigwaqo Nezindawo Eziphezulu

Indlela eyinhloko le mizila evikela ngayo imigwaqo kanye nobuso iwukusatshalaliswa kwengcindezi yomhlabathi okuphezulu. Umshini omncane wokwemba ojwayelekile ohlonyiswe nge-amathrekhi enjoloba anomthelela ophansiisabalalisa isisindo sayo kahle, isebenzisa ingcindezi yomhlabathi evame ukuba ngaphansi kuka-3 kuya ku-5 psi (20–35 kPa), uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela zensimbi zendabuko ezingadlula kalula u-10 psi. Ngenxa yokuthi indawo yomshini ilula kakhulu, ingashayela phezu kotshani obukhona, ukhonkolo wokuhlobisa, kanye nezindawo zokulungisa imvelo ezibucayi ngaphandle kokubangela ukuqhekeka kwesakhiwo noma ukuqina kwenhlabathi okukhulu. Lokhu kucindezela komhlabathi okuphansi kubalulekile ekulondolozeni i-hydrology ebucayi kanye nenethiwekhi yezimpande ezindaweni zokuhlanza imvelo.

Indlela Yokuqhathanisa Amathrekhi Enjoloba Nezinqola Zensimbi

Ukuthuthukisa imishini kudinga ukulinganisa izinzuzo zerabha uma kuqhathaniswa nemizila yensimbi yendabuko ukuze kuphathwe izindleko zokusebenza zesikhathi eside futhi kuhlangatshezwane nezindinganiso eziqinile zokuthobela iphrojekthi. Ukuqonda ukuhwebelana phakathi kwalezi zinto ezimbili kubalulekile ngaphambi kokuthumela imishini endaweni.

Izici Ezibalulekile Zokusebenza Okufanele Ziqhathaniswe

Uma kuqhathaniswa izici ezibalulekile zokusebenza, ukuqina, induduzo yomsebenzisi, kanye nomthelela wemvelo yizinto eziyinhloko okufanele zicatshangelwe. Imizila yensimbi idlala isikhathi eside, ivame ukudlula amahora okusebenza angu-2,000 kuya ku-3,000 ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu njengemfucumfucu yokudilizwa noma idwala elijiyile. Kodwa-ke, imizila yerabha ihamba phambili ekunciphiseni umsindo nokudlidliza. Abasebenzi babhekana nokudlidliza okuncane kakhulu kwekhabhini, okunciphisa ukukhathala ngesikhathi sokusebenza isikhathi eside. Ngaphezu kwalokho, irabha inciphisa kakhulu ukukhishwa komsindo—ngokuvamile inciphisa umsindo ozungezile ngo-10 kuya ku-15 dB uma kuqhathaniswa nokushaywa kwensimbi emgwaqweni—isici esibalulekile sokuthobela imithetho lapho usebenza ezindaweni zokuhlala ezinemingcele eqinile.

Ukushintshana okuyinhloko kuhilela isikhathi sokuphila, izindleko, kanye nokuba sengozini. Izinhlobo zerabha zivame ukukhiqiza amahora ayi-1,000 kuya ku-1,500 futhi zivame ukuba nentengo ephezulu kusengaphambili ngehora lempilo yokusebenza. Ukuphila kwazo isikhathi eside kuncike kakhulu ekhonweni lomqhubi, indawo, kanye nokushisa, njengoba izakhi zerabha zingazwela ekushiseni okukhulu noma emakhazeni.Amathrekhi erabhaZisengozini yokusikeka okuvela ezingcoleni ezibukhali, izinsimbi eziqinile, kanye nemfucuza yokudiliza, okwenza zingafanelekeli umsebenzi wamatshe asindayo noma wokudiliza. Zingashisa futhi ziguge ngokushesha ezindaweni ezimagebhugebhu, futhi zivame ukuguguleka emithambekeni esemaceleni uma ukucindezeleka kubekwe ngendlela engafanele.

Ithebula Lokuqhathanisa Ithrekhi Yenjoloba Nensimbi

Ukuze kube lula ukwenza izinqumo, i-standard comparison matrix iwusizo. Ithebula elingezansi lichaza umehluko oyinhloko okufanele ucatshangelwe ngaphambi kokufaka imishini endaweni.

Ngokubheka le matrix, abaphathi bephrojekthi banganquma ngokushesha ukuthi yikuphi ukucushwa kwe-undercarriage okuzoletha imbuyiselo ephezulu kakhulu ekutshalweni kwezimali kwemingcele ethile yephrojekthi, okuqinisekisa ibhalansi phakathi kokuqina nokuvikelwa kwendawo.

Indlela Yokukhetha NokusebenzisaAmathrekhi Ombaza

Ukukhetha izingxenye ezifanele zenqola engaphansi komhlaba kudinga ukuhlola ngenkuthalo izici zomzimba kanye nekhwalithi yezinto ezibonakalayo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amathrekhi asebenza kahle ngaphansi komthwalo. Ukukhetha okungekuhle kungaholela ekususweni komzila ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ukuguguleka okusheshayo kwenqola engaphansi komhlaba, kanye nokubambezeleka kwephrojekthi okubizayo ngesikhathi sokuhlela okuqinile kokuhlanza.

Indlela Yokuhlola Ukufaneleka, Iphethini Yokunyathela, kanye Nekhwalithi Yerabha

Hlola ukulingana usebenzisa ifomula yokulinganisa ejwayelekile embonini: Ububanzi x Iphimbo x Inani Lezixhumanisi. Isibonelo, umshini wokumba ovamile ohlangene ungadinga ithrekhi engu-300×52.5×84. Ukufaka ithrekhi ngephimbo elingalungile kuzolimaza ngokushesha i-drive sprocket. Okulandelayo, hlola iphethini ye-tread ngokusekelwe endaweni ezungezile. Iphethini yebhulokhi inikeza ukuqina okuhle kakhulu kanye nokuhamba okubushelelezi ezindaweni eziqinile njenge-asphalt, kuyilapho umklamo we-C-lug unikeza ukubamba okungcono kakhulu kanye nezakhiwo zokuzihlanza odakeni, ubumba olumanzi, noma ezindaweni zokuvuselela izindawo ezimanzi ezinamaxhaphozi.

Okokugcina, ikhwalithi yerabha ayixoxiswani. Funa imizila eyenziwe ngesilinganiso esiphezulu serabha yemvelo neyenziwe kanye nokujula okukhulu kokunyathela kwefektri ukuqinisekisa ukubamba okwanele kuyo yonke impilo yokusebenza kwemizila. Ngale kwezindlela zokuthenga, ukulungiswa okufanele kubalulekile ukuze kwandiswe lesi sikhathi sokuphila. Abaqhubi kufanele balungise njalo ukucindezeleka kwemizila, bahlole ukuhambisana kwe-sprocket, futhi bagweme ukujika okujikelezayo ezindaweni ezihlukumezayo ukuze bavimbele ukuguguleka kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kanye nokususwa kokulandelela.

Lapho Imizila Yenjoloba Enethonya Eliphansi Kuyiyona Engcono Kakhulu

Imizila yerabha enomthelela omncane iyisinqumo esisebenza kahle kakhulu lapho izimo zendawo zidinga ukuphazamiseka okuncane kwendawo kanye nezindleko zokuvuselela indawo.

Izinto Ezibalulekile Okufanele Uzicabangele

• Sebenzisa imigwaqo yerabha engathinteki kakhulu ezindaweni zokuhlanza lapho ukuvikela i-asphalt, utshani, izindawo ezimanzi, izinhlelo zezimpande, noma ukhonkolo wokuhlobisa kuyinto eza kuqala kuphrojekthi.
• Khetha imigqa yerabha uma ingcindezi yomhlabathi ibalulekile, njengoba amanye ama-mini-gravator angasebenza cishe ku-3 kuya ku-5 psi uma kuqhathaniswa nemigqa yensimbi engadlula i-10 psi.
• Khetha imigwaqo yerabha yomsebenzi wasemadolobheni noma wezindawo zokuhlala lapho ukunciphisa umsindo cishe ngo-10 kuya ku-15 dB kungasiza ekuhlangabezaneni nemikhawulo yendawo.
• Lindela ukuthi imigqa yerabha ihlale amahora okusebenza angaba yi-1,000 kuya ku-1,500, kuyilapho imigqa yensimbi ingafinyelela amahora angu-2,000 kuya ku-3,000 ezindaweni ezibhidlizwayo noma ezinamadwala.
• Hlola futhi uhlanze amathrekhi enjoloba ngemva komsebenzi we-hazmat noma inhlabathi engcolisiwe ngoba uwoyela, izinyibilikisi, namakhemikhali aqinile kunganciphisa impilo yenhlanganisela yenjoloba.

imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa

Kungani imigqa yerabha iwusizo ngesikhathi sokuhlanza indawo ezungezile?

Imizila yerabha isakaza isisindo somshini endaweni ebanzi yokuxhumana, inciphisa ukugoba, ukuminyana kwenhlabathi, kanye nomonakalo womphezulu. Lokhu kusiza ekuvikeleni izindawo ezimanzi, utshani, i-asphalt, ukhonkolo wokuhlobisa, kanye nezindawo zokulungisa lapho ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kuyingxenye yesidingo sephrojekthi.

Ukuthi ingcindezi yomhlabathi ingakanani engaba nomthelela omncaneamathrekhi okumba irabhaukuzikhandla?

Ama-mini-gravator amaningi anezitimela zerabha ezingasebenzi kahle angasebenza cishe ngama-psi amathathu kuya kwayi-5, kuye ngesisindo somshini kanye nosayizi wetimela. Lokho kuvame ukuba ngaphansi kakhulu kunezisetho ze-steel-track, ezingadlula ama-psi ayi-10 ezindaweni eziqinile noma ezizwelayo.

Ingabe imigqa yerabha ihlala isikhathi eside njengemigqa yensimbi?

Ngokuvamile cha. Imizila yensimbi ingahlala amahora angu-2,000 kuya ku-3,000 ezimweni ezirhabaxa, kuyilapho imizila yerabha ivame ukunikeza amahora angaba ngu-1,000 kuya ku-1,500. Irabha ivame ukukhethwa ukuze ivikele indawo, inciphise umsindo, kanye nenduduzo yomsebenzisi kunokuphila isikhathi eside.

Ingabe imizila yerabha inganciphisa umsindo wendawo yokusebenza?

Yebo. Imizila yerabha inganciphisa umsindo cishe ngo-10 kuya ku-15 dB uma kuqhathaniswa nemizila yensimbi esezindleleni. Lokhu kuyenza ibe usizo ekulungisweni kwedolobha, emisebenzini yokuhlala, ezikoleni, ezibhedlela nasezindaweni zokuhlanza ezinemikhawulo yomsindo.

Zenziwe ngani izindlela zerabha zesimanje zokumba?

Imizila yerabha yesimanje ivame ukusebenzisa izintambo zensimbi eziqhubekayo kanye nezinsimbi zensimbi ezibunjiwe ezifakwe irabha enganqunyiwe. Lokhu kwakhiwa kuthuthukisa amandla okunamathela, kunciphisa ukwelula, futhi kusiza ukuvimbela ukwehluleka kwemizila ngokuzumayo ngaphansi kwemithwalo esindayo.