Kukhazikitsamapepala a rabara otchingidwa ndi zomatiraPa excavator yanu ndikofunikira kuti igwire bwino ntchito komanso kuti ikhale yolimba. Ma pad awa amateteza nsapato za rabara za excavator kuti zisawonongeke, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zigwire bwino ntchito pamalo osiyanasiyana. Kuyika bwino sikuti kumangowonjezera nthawi ya ma pad komanso kumawonjezera magwiridwe antchito a makinawo. Mwa kutsatira njira zoyenera, mutha kupewa mavuto monga kusakhazikika bwino kapena zolumikizira zotayirira, zomwe zingayambitse kukonza kokwera mtengo. Kutenga nthawi yoyika ma pad awa molondola kudzakupulumutsirani khama komanso ndalama mtsogolo.
Mfundo Zofunika Kwambiri
- 1. Kukhazikitsa bwino ma clip-on rabara track pads ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti muteteze nsapato za rabara za excavator yanu ndikuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito onse.
- 2. Sonkhanitsani zida zonse zofunika ndi zinthu zofunika pasadakhale, kuphatikizapo ma wrench, torque wrench, ndi rabara track pads zapamwamba kwambiri, kuti muzitha kukhazikitsa mosavuta.
- 3. Onetsetsani kuti chofukula chili pamalo okhazikika, ndipo njanji zake ndi zoyera musanayambe kukhazikitsa kuti mupewe kusokonekera ndikuwonetsetsa kuti malo ake ali otetezeka.
- 4. Tsatirani njira imodzi ndi imodzi: gwirizanitsani pedi iliyonse ndi nsapato zoyendera, zimangeni ndi zomangira zomwe zaperekedwa, ndikuzilimbitsa ku mphamvu yomwe wopanga amalangiza.
- 5. Yang'anani nthawi zonse mapepala omwe aikidwa kuti awone ngati awonongeka ndipo limbitsani zomangira kuti zikhale zolimba komanso kuti zisawonongeke panthawi yogwira ntchito.
- 6. Ikani patsogolo chitetezo mwa kuvala zida zodzitetezera (PPE) zoyenera ndikuonetsetsa kuti chofukulacho chazimitsidwa panthawi yoyika.
- 7. Chitani ntchito yokonza nthawi zonse, kuphatikizapo kuyeretsa ma pad ndi ma track, kuti muwonjezere nthawi ya moyo wa ma track pad a rabara ndikuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito a excavator.
Zida ndi Zipangizo Zofunikira

Musanayambe kukhazikitsachokokera pa mapepala a rabara, sonkhanitsani zida ndi zipangizo zonse zofunikira. Kukhala ndi chilichonse chokonzeka kudzakuthandizani kuti ntchitoyi ikhale yosavuta komanso kukuthandizani kupewa kusokonezedwa.
Zida Zofunikira
Mudzafunika zida zingapo zofunika kuti mumalize bwino kukhazikitsa. Zida zimenezi ndizofunikira kwambiri poonetsetsa kuti ma pad ali omangiriridwa bwino.
Ma wrenches ndi ma socket sets
Gwiritsani ntchito ma wrench ndi socket sets kuti mumange kapena kumasula mabolts panthawi yoyika. Zida izi zimakupatsani mwayi womangirira bwino zomangira.
Wrench ya torque
Chingwe cholumikizira mphamvu chimakuthandizani kuti mugwiritse ntchito mphamvu yoyenera mukamangirira mabotolo. Izi zimalepheretsa kumangika kwambiri kapena kusakhala kolimba, zomwe zingayambitse mavuto pambuyo pake.
Nyundo ya rabara
Nyundo ya rabara imakuthandizani kusintha pang'onopang'ono malo a mapedi popanda kuwononga. Ndi yothandiza kwambiri pogwirizanitsa mapedi ndi nsapato zoyendera.
Zokuzira
Zokuzira ndi zofunika kwambiri pogwira zomangira zazing'ono kapena ma clip. Zimapereka kulondola pomangirira zigawo.
Zipangizo Zofunikira
Zipangizo zomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito zimathandiza kwambiri kuti ntchitoyi ichitike bwino. Onetsetsani kuti muli ndi zinthuzi pafupi.
Mapepala a rabara opangidwa ndi zingwe
Ma pad awa ndi gawo lalikulu la kukhazikitsa. Sankhani ma pad apamwamba kwambiri omwe akugwirizana ndi nsapato zanu zoyendera.
Zomangira kapena ma clip (zoperekedwa ndi ma pad)
Zomangira kapena ma clip amatetezamapepala ofukula zinthu zakaleku nsapato zoyendera. Nthawi zonse gwiritsani ntchito zomwe zili ndi mapepala kuti muwonetsetse kuti zikugwirizana.
Zipangizo zoyeretsera (monga nsanza, chotsukira mafuta)
Tsukani nsapato zoyendera bwino musanaziike. Gwiritsani ntchito nsanza ndi chotsukira mafuta kuti muchotse dothi, mafuta, kapena zinyalala zomwe zingasokoneze ntchitoyo.
Zida Zosankha Zogwirira Ntchito Bwino
Ngakhale kuti si lamulo, zida zimenezi zingathandize kuti kukhazikitsa kukhale kofulumira komanso kosavuta.
Zipangizo zamagetsi (monga, cholumikizira cholumikizira)
Zipangizo zamagetsi monga chogwirira ntchito chothandizira kulimbitsa zingathandize kuti ntchito yomangirira ikhale yofulumira. Zimathandiza kwambiri makamaka ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito chogwirira chachikulu.
Zida kapena malangizo oyendetsera
Zipangizo zolumikizira zimakuthandizani kuyika ma pad molondola. Zimachepetsa mwayi woti ma pad asagwirizane bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kukhazikika bwino komanso kofanana.
Malangizo a Akatswiri:Konzani zida zanu ndi zipangizo zanu pasadakhale. Kukonzekera kumeneku kumakupulumutsirani nthawi ndipo kumakuthandizani kuyang'ana kwambiri pa njira yoyikira popanda kuchedwa kosafunikira.
Njira Zokonzekera
Kukonzekera bwino kumatsimikizira kuti njira yoyikira zinthu ikuyenda bwino komanso mosasokoneza. Tsatirani njira izi kuti mukonzekeretse chofukula chanu kuti chigwire ntchitoyo.
Yang'anani Chofukula
Musanayambe, yang'anani bwino momwe ntchito yofukula zinthu zakale ilili.
Yang'anani momwe nsapato za rabara zogwirira ntchito yofukula zinthu zakale zilili kuti muwone ngati zawonongeka kapena zinyalala.
Yang'ananinsapato za rabara zokumbiraNgati pali zizindikiro zilizonse zooneka ngati zawonongeka, ming'alu, kapena zinyalala zomwe zalowa mkati. Nsapato zowonongeka zimatha kusokoneza kuyika kwake ndikuchepetsa kugwira ntchito kwa ma pad.
Onetsetsani kuti njira zake ndi zoyera komanso zopanda mafuta kapena dothi.
Gwiritsani ntchito chotsukira mafuta ndi nsanza kuti muyeretse bwino njanji. Dothi kapena mafuta amatha kuletsa mapepala kuti asagwirizane bwino, zomwe zingabweretse mavuto panthawi yogwiritsira ntchito.
Malangizo a Akatswiri:Kuyeretsa njanji nthawi zonse sikuti kumathandiza kokha pakuyiyika komanso kumawonjezera moyo wa nsapato zanu za rabara zogwirira ntchito.
Konzani Malo Ogwirira Ntchito
Malo ogwirira ntchito okonzedwa bwino amachepetsa zoopsa ndipo zimapangitsa kuti ntchitoyi ikhale yogwira mtima kwambiri.
Sankhani malo osalala komanso okhazikika kuti muyike.
Konzani malo anu ogwirira ntchito pamalo osalala komanso olimba. Malo osalinganika angapangitse kuti ntchito yoyika ikhale yosatetezeka komanso yovuta.
Onetsetsani kuti pali kuwala kokwanira komanso malo okwanira oti muyendemo.
Kuwala bwino kumakupatsani mwayi wowona chilichonse panthawi yoyika. Chotsani zida kapena zinthu zosafunikira pamalopo kuti mupange malo okwanira oti muyende bwino.
Chikumbutso cha Chitetezo:Nthawi zonse pangani malo okhazikika komanso opanda zinthu zambiri kuti mupewe ngozi.
Sonkhanitsani Zida ndi Zipangizo
Kukhala ndi chilichonse chomwe chili pafupi kumathandiza kuti zinthu ziyende bwino komanso kuti zinthu ziyende bwino.
Ikani zida zonse ndi zipangizo kuti mupeze mosavuta.
Konzani zida zanu ndi zipangizo zanu mwadongosolo. Kukhazikitsa kumeneku kukutsimikizirani kuti simudzataya nthawi kufunafuna zinthu panthawi yokhazikitsa.
Onetsetsani kuti zigawo zonse za track pads zilipo.
Yang'anani kawiri zomwe zili mu track pad kit. Onetsetsani kuti muli ndi zomangira zonse, ma clip, ndi ma pad ofunikira pa ntchitoyi. Zinthu zomwe zikusowa zimatha kuchedwetsa ntchitoyi ndikupangitsa kuti pasakhale kuyika koyenera.
Langizo Lachidule:Pangani mndandanda wa zida ndi zipangizo kuti mutsimikizire kuti palibe chomwe chikunyalanyazidwa musanayambe.
Buku Lokhazikitsa Gawo ndi Gawo

Kukhazikitsamapepala odulira zinthu zakale pogwiritsa ntchito clip-onimafuna kulondola komanso kusamala kwambiri. Tsatirani njira izi mosamala kuti mutsimikizire kuti mukuyiyika bwino komanso kotetezeka.
Ikani Chofukula
-
Sungani chotsukiracho pamalo otetezeka komanso okhazikika.
Yendetsani chotsukira pamalo osalala komanso olimba. Izi zimatsimikizira kukhazikika panthawi yoyika ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha ngozi. -
Ikani brake yoyimitsa galimoto ndikuzimitsa injini.
Yatsani buleki yoyimitsa galimoto kuti mupewe kusuntha kulikonse. Zimitsani injini kwathunthu kuti mupange malo ogwirira ntchito otetezeka.
Malangizo Oteteza:Nthawi zonse onetsetsani kuti chotsukiracho chatsekedwa bwino musanapitirire.
Onjezani Pad Yoyamba Yoyendera
-
Konzani rabala ndi nsapato za rabala zogwirira ntchito zofukula.
Ikani chogwirira choyamba cha rabara pa nsapato yachitsulo. Onetsetsani kuti chogwiriracho chikukwanira bwino ndipo chikugwirizana ndi m'mphepete mwa nsapato yachitsulo. -
Mangani chidebecho pogwiritsa ntchito ma clip kapena zomangira zomwe zaperekedwa.
Ikani ma clip kapena zomangira zomwe zili mu setiyi. Ziikeni bwino kuti mugwire bwino pad. -
Mangani zomangira ku mphamvu yoyenera.
Gwiritsani ntchito wrench ya torque kuti mulimbikitse zomangira. Tsatirani malangizo a wopanga pa kuchuluka kwa torque kuti mupewe kulimbitsa kwambiri kapena kuletsa kulimbitsa.
Malangizo a Akatswiri:Kulimbitsa zomangira mofanana mbali zonse kumathandiza kusunga malo oyenera komanso kupewa kuvala kosagwirizana.
Bwerezani Njirayi
-
Pitani ku gawo lotsatira la njanjiyo ndikubwereza njira yolumikizira ndi kulumikiza.
Pitirizani kuyika chogwirira cha rabara chotsatira pochigwirizanitsa ndi nsapato za rabara zotchingira. Chimangeni pogwiritsa ntchito njira yomweyi monga chogwirira choyamba. -
Onetsetsani kuti ma pad onse ali ndi malo otalikirana komanso ogwirizana.
Onetsetsani kuti pepala lililonse lili ndi malo ofanana komanso logwirizana ndi ena. Kusasinthasintha kumatsimikizira kuti likugwira ntchito bwino komanso kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kuwonongeka mukamagwiritsa ntchito.
Chikumbutso Chachangu:Bwererani mmbuyo nthawi ndi nthawi ndikuyang'ana njira yonse kuti mutsimikizire kufanana kwa kukhazikitsa.
Mwa kutsatira njira izi, mutha kukhazikitsachokokera pa ma excavator track padsbwino komanso moyenera. Kuyika bwino ndi kumangirira bwino ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti ma pad azigwira ntchito bwino ndikuteteza nsapato za rabara zogwirira ntchito kuti zisawonongeke.
Kufufuza Komaliza
Yang'anani mapepala onse kuti muwonetsetse kuti amangidwa bwino.
Tengani kamphindi kuti muyang'ane mosamala pad iliyonse yomwe yaikidwa. Yang'anani zizindikiro zilizonse za zomangira zomasuka kapena zolakwika. Gwiritsani ntchito manja anu kukoka pang'onopang'ono ma pad kuti mutsimikizire kuti alumikizidwa bwino ndi nsapato zoyendera. Ngati muwona kusuntha kulikonse kapena mipata, manganinso zomangira pogwiritsa ntchito torque wrench. Yang'anirani kwambiri m'mphepete mwa ma pad kuti muwonetsetse kuti akugwirizana ndi nsapato zoyendera. Gawoli limaletsa mavuto omwe angakhalepo panthawi yogwira ntchito ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ma pad akugwira ntchito momwe akufunira.
Malangizo a Akatswiri:Yang'anani kawiri kuchuluka kwa mphamvu pa zomangira zonse. Mphamvu yokhazikika pamapadi onse imathandiza kuti zisamawonongeke mofanana komanso zimawonjezera nthawi yawo yogwira ntchito.
Yesani chofufutira mwa kuchisuntha pang'onopang'ono kuti muwone ngati chili bwino.
Mukamaliza kuyang'ana ma pad, yambani excavator ndikuyiyendetsa patsogolo pang'onopang'ono. Yang'anirani mayendedwe a njanji kuti muwonetsetse kuti ma pad ali otetezeka komanso olunjika bwino. Mvetserani phokoso lachilendo, monga kugwedezeka kapena kukanda, komwe kungasonyeze kuti ma pad omasuka kapena osayikidwa bwino. Mukapita patsogolo, tembenuzani excavator ndikubwereza zomwe mwawona. Ngati chilichonse chikuwoneka bwino komanso chikumveka bwino, kukhazikitsa kumakhala kwatha.
Chikumbutso Chachangu:Imani nthawi yomweyo ngati muwona zolakwika zilizonse. Yang'ananinso mapepala omwe akhudzidwa ndikusintha momwe mukufunira musanapitirize kugwira ntchito.
Kuchita izi komaliza kukutsimikizirani kutimapepala a rabara ofukula zinthu zakalezayikidwa bwino. Zimakupatsanso mtendere wamumtima podziwa kuti chofukula chanu chili chokonzeka kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala komanso moyenera.
Malangizo Oteteza
Chitetezo chiyenera kukhala chinthu chofunika kwambiri nthawi zonse mukakhazikitsa ma clip-on rabara track pad. Kutsatira malangizo awa kudzakuthandizani kupewa ngozi ndikuonetsetsa kuti njira yoyikiramo ikuyenda bwino.
Zipangizo Zodzitetezera (PPE)
Kuvala zida zodzitetezera zoyenera kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha kuvulala panthawi yoyika.
Valani magolovesi, magalasi oteteza, ndi nsapato zokhala ndi zala zachitsulo.
- MagolovesiTetezani manja anu ku m'mbali zakuthwa, zinyalala, ndi zoopsa zomwe zingakupangitseni kuvulala. Sankhani magolovesi olimba omwe amalola kusinthasintha pogwiritsira ntchito zida.
- Magalasi otetezaTetezani maso anu ku fumbi, dothi, kapena tinthu ting'onoting'ono tomwe tingawuluke panthawiyi. Kuwona bwino ndikofunikira kuti mugwire ntchito molondola.
- Nsapato zachitsuloTetezani mapazi anu ku zida zolemera kapena zinthu zina zomwe zingagwe mwangozi. Zimathandizanso kuti mapazi anu akhale olimba pamalo osafanana.
Malangizo a Akatswiri:Yang'anani PPE yanu musanayambe. Sinthani zida zilizonse zowonongeka kuti muwonetsetse kuti muli ndi chitetezo chokwanira.
Kusamalira Zida Motetezeka
Kugwiritsa ntchito zida moyenera kumachepetsa mwayi woti zinthu zichitike zolakwika ndi kuvulala.
Gwiritsani ntchito zida monga momwe mukufunira ndipo pewani kumangitsa kwambiri zomangira.
- Nthawi zonse gwiritsani ntchito zida mogwirizana ndi ntchito yake. Mwachitsanzo, gwiritsani ntchito wrench ya torque kuti mumange mabolts kufika pamlingo woyenera. Izi zimateteza kuwonongeka kwa zomangira kapena ma pad.
- Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri pomangirira zomangira. Kumangirira kwambiri kumatha kuchotsa ulusi kapena ming'alu ya zigawo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu zikonzedwe mokwera mtengo.
- Sungani zida zanu zili bwino. Yang'anani nthawi zonse ngati zawonongeka kapena zawonongeka, ndipo sinthani zida zomwe zawonongeka nthawi yomweyo.
Chikumbutso Chachangu:Konzani zida zanu m'njira yomwe ingathandize kuti zikhale zosavuta kuzipeza. Izi zimachepetsa chiopsezo cha ngozi zomwe zingachitike chifukwa chofunafuna zinthu zomwe zatayika.
Pewani Zoopsa
Kukhala maso komanso kusamala kumakuthandizani kupewa ngozi panthawi yokhazikitsa.
Sungani manja ndi mapazi kutali ndi zinthu zoyenda.
- Samalani ndi komwe mumayika manja ndi mapazi anu. Zipangizo zoyenda, monga njira yopangira zinthu, zingayambitse kuvulala kwakukulu ngati sizigwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala.
- Gwiritsani ntchito zida monga malangizo oyendetsera galimoto kapena zomangira kuti muyike ma pad m'malo mwa manja anu. Izi zimakutetezani kuti musakumane ndi zoopsa zomwe zingachitike.
Onetsetsani kuti chofukulacho chazimitsidwa panthawi yoyika.
- Zimitsani injini yonse musanayambe kukhazikitsa. Izi zimachotsa chiopsezo cha kuyenda mwangozi pamene mukugwira ntchito.
- Ikani buleki yoyimitsa galimoto kuti muyike chofufutira pamalo pake. Onetsetsani kawiri kuti makinawo ali bwino musanapitirire.
Malangizo Oteteza:Musaganize kuti makinawo azima. Nthawi zonse tsimikizirani mwa kuyang'ana zowongolera ndikuwonetsetsa kuti palibe mphamvu yomwe ikupita ku excavator.
Mwa kutsatira malangizo awa achitetezo, mutha kumaliza njira yokhazikitsa molimba mtima komanso popanda zoopsa zosafunikira. Kuika patsogolo chitetezo sikuti kumangoteteza inu komanso kumaonetsetsa kuti ntchitoyo yachitika bwino komanso moyenera.
Kuthetsa Mavuto ndi Kukonza
Kukhazikitsa bwino ndi kusamalira nthawi zonsemapepala a rabara otchingidwa ndi zomatiraonetsetsani kuti ntchito yanu ikuyenda bwino. Komabe, mavuto angabuke panthawi yoyika kapena mutakhazikitsa. Kumvetsetsa mavutowa ndikuwathetsa mwachangu kudzakuthandizani kuti mupitirize kugwira ntchito bwino kwa excavator yanu.
Mavuto Omwe Amafala Kwambiri Okhazikitsa
Mapepala olakwika omwe amapangitsa kuti pakhale kuvala kosagwirizana
Ma pad osakhazikika bwino nthawi zambiri amachititsa kuti pakhale kusweka kosagwirizana, zomwe zimachepetsa nthawi yawo yogwira ntchito komanso zimakhudza magwiridwe antchito a excavator yanu. Kuti mupewe izi, yang'anani kulumikizidwa kwa pad iliyonse panthawi yoyiyika. Gwiritsani ntchito zida zolumikizira ngati pakufunika kuti muwonetsetse kuti ma pad ali bwino pa nsapato za rabara za excavator. Ngati muwona kusweka kosagwirizana panthawi yogwira ntchito, yang'anani ma pad nthawi yomweyo ndikuwasintha momwe akufunira.
Malangizo a Akatswiri:Yang'anani nthawi zonse momwe ma pad alili, makamaka mukagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri kapena mukagwira ntchito pamalo osalinganika.
Zomangira zotayirira zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pad ichotsedwe
Zomangira zotayirira zimatha kupangitsa kuti ma pad asokonekere panthawi yogwira ntchito, zomwe zingabweretse ngozi komanso kuwononga nsapato za rabara zogwirira ntchito. Nthawi zonse limbitsani zomangirazo ku mphamvu yomwe wopanga amalangiza panthawi yoyika. Nthawi ndi nthawi fufuzaninso zomangirazo, makamaka mukazigwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali, kuti muwonetsetse kuti zili zotetezeka.
Chikumbutso Chachangu:Gwiritsani ntchito wrench ya torque kuti mukwaniritse kulimbitsa koyenera komanso kolondola kwa zomangira zonse.
Malangizo Okonza
Yang'anani ma pad nthawi zonse kuti muwone ngati awonongeka kapena awonongeka
Kuyang'anitsitsa pafupipafupi kumakuthandizani kuzindikira kuwonongeka kapena kuonongeka msanga. Yang'anani ming'alu, kung'ambika, kapena kuwonongeka kwambiri pa ma pad. Ma pad owonongeka amatha kuwononga chitetezo cha nsapato za rabara zogwiritsidwa ntchito pokumba ndipo ayenera kusinthidwa nthawi yomweyo kuti apewe mavuto ena.
Malangizo a Akatswiri:Konzani nthawi yoyendera pambuyo pa maola 50 aliwonse ogwira ntchito kapena mutagwira ntchito m'malo ovuta.
Tsukani mapepala ndi njira zoyendera kuti mupewe kusonkhanitsa zinyalala
Dothi, matope, ndi zinyalala zimatha kuwunjikana pa mapepala ndi njira, zomwe zimachepetsa mphamvu yawo ndikupangitsa kuti ziwonongeke mosayenera. Tsukani mapepala ndi njira nthawi zonse pogwiritsa ntchito burashi ndi madzi. Ngati mafuta kapena zinyalala sizikulimba, gwiritsani ntchito chotsukira mafuta kuti muwonetsetse kuti zatsukidwa bwino.
Langizo Lachidule:Kuyeretsa pambuyo pa tsiku lililonse la ntchito kumasunga mapepala ndi mipiringidzo kukhala bwino.
Mangitsani zomangira nthawi ndi nthawi kuti zikhale zolimba
Zomangira zimatha kumasuka pakapita nthawi chifukwa cha kugwedezeka ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Yang'anani nthawi ndi nthawi ndikuzimangirira ku torque yoyenera. Kuchita izi kumaonetsetsa kuti ma pad amakhalabe omangiriridwa bwino komanso kupewa kusweka komwe kungachitike panthawi yogwira ntchito.
Chikumbutso cha Chitetezo:Nthawi zonse zimitsani chotsukira ndikugwiritsa ntchito buleki yoyimitsa galimoto musanachite ntchito yokonza.
Mwa kuthana ndi mavuto omwe amafala kwambiri pakukhazikitsa ndikutsatira malangizo okonza awa, mutha kukulitsa moyo wa ma clip-on rabara track pad anu ndikuteteza nsapato zanu za rabara zokumbira. Kusamalira nthawi zonse sikungowonjezera magwiridwe antchito komanso kumachepetsa chiopsezo chokonza ndalama zambiri.
Kukonzekera bwino, kukhazikitsa, ndi kusamalira ma clip-on rabara track pad ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti chivundikiro chanu chigwire ntchito bwino. Potsatira njira zomwe zafotokozedwazi, mutha kuteteza ma pad molondola ndikuteteza nsapato za rabara track kuti zisawonongeke mosayenera. Njirayi sikuti imangowonjezera magwiridwe antchito a makina anu komanso imawonjezera nthawi ya moyo wa zida zake. Kutenga nthawi yoyika ndikusamalira ma pad awa kudzakupulumutsani ku zokonzetsa zokwera mtengo komanso nthawi yopuma. Ndi chitsogozo ichi, mutha kumaliza kukhazikitsa ndikusunga chivundikiro chanu chili bwino.
Nthawi yotumizira: Disembala-02-2024
