Ndibabonile abalimi baseMzantsi Melika bexela impumelelo enkulu. Imisebenzi yabo itshintshile ukusukela oko basebenzisa ummbi wemigodiimizila yerabhaAbalimi bagxininisa indlela imizila yerabha yokumba ejongene ngayo ngqo nemingeni yezolimo yexesha elide. Oku kukhokelele ekuphuculweni kwemveliso kunye nokuzinza.Iingoma zomvubukulizibonelela ngeenzuzo ezicacileyo. Abalimi ngoku baxhomekeke kwezi ndlela zerabha kwimisebenzi yemihla ngemihla.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe

• Imigca yerabha yokwemba inceda abalimi ukuba basebenze ngcono. Ihamba lula kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kwaye ayibangeli monakalo mkhulu emhlabeni.
• Imizila yerabha yenza oomatshini basefama bahlale ixesha elide. Bakwagcina imali kwipetroli nasekulungiseni.
• Abalimi bayayithanda imiqolo yerabha kuba yenza umsebenzi ukhawuleze kwaye ube lula. Ikwanceda ukugcina umhlaba wefama usempilweni.

Ukujongana nemingeni yasefama ngeengoma zerabha zommbi

Ukuhamba kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zaseMzantsi Melika

Ndihlala ndisiva abalimi bexoxa ngemingeni yeendawo ezahlukeneyo zaseMzantsi Melika. Ukusebenzisa oomatshini abanzima kufuna ubuchule obuthile. Ukusuka kwiintaba ezinde zeAndes ukuya kwiindawo ezithambileyo nezimanzi, yonke indawo inemiqobo eyahlukileyo. Ndibone umkhwa okhulayo eBrazil, eMexico, naseChile: abalimi basebenzisa izixhobo zokulayisha ezixineneyo kunye nezixhobo ezininzi zerabha. Ezi matshini zibalulekile kwimisebenzi yezolimo kunye nokugcinwa kweziseko kwiindawo ezikude okanye ezithambekileyo. Abakhi beekontraka kwezi ndawo bayawuxabisa amandla ezi ndlela zokuhamba phezu komhlaba orhabaxa ngaphandle kokonakalisa izakhiwo zomhlaba. Oku kubalulekile ekugcineni uzinzo kunye nemveliso kwiindawo zamafama.

Imizila yerabha ye-C-Pattern ithandwa kakhulu kulo lonke elaseMelika, kuquka uMzantsi Melika. Inika ukubambelela okuhle kunye nethambeka elibamba kakuhle. Iilugs zazo ezimile okwe-C zimba umhlaba othambileyo kunye nomphetho ophambili. Ubuso obugobileyo bomkhondo buphucula ukutyibilika kwaye bunciphisa ukutyibilika. Olu yilo lusebenza kakuhle ngakumbi kumhlaba othambileyo, ii-gradients, kunye neendawo ezifuna ukutyibilika okuphezulu. Ezi meko zixhaphakile kwiindawo ezininzi zasefama. Ndiyazi ukuba le patheni ikwasetyenziswa nakwii-compact track loaders kwiindawo zokwakha ezinomhlaba onzima kunye namahlathi. Ukubamba rhoqo kwiindawo ezingalinganiyo kubalulekile kwezo ndawo.

Ukunciphisa Iingxaki Zokuxinana Komhlaba

Ukuxinana komhlaba yinto exhalabisa kakhulu abalimi. Oomatshini abanzima banokucinezela umhlaba. Oku konakalisa izakhiwo zeengcambu kwaye kunciphisa isivuno sezityalo. Ndibone umahluko ocacileyo xa ndithelekisa iindlela zerabha neendlela zentsimbi zemveli.

Imizila yerabha yeCNH isasaza ubunzima bomatshini kwindawo enkulu. Oku kunciphisa kakhulu uxinzelelo lomhlaba. Ndifumanisa ukuba oku kuyenza ifaneleke kakhulu kumhlaba othambileyo okanye otyaliweyo. Izixhobo ezinzima zinokubangela umonakalo wokuxinana kwezi ndawo. Ekufuyeni, ukunciphisa ukuxinana komhlaba kubalulekile ekugcineni izakhiwo zeengcambu ziphilile kwaye kuqinisekiswe ukuba isivuno siphezulu. Imizila yerabha ye-ASV ikwanciphisa ukuxinana komhlaba kwiindawo zezolimo. Zinceda ukwandisa amaxesha okusebenza kwezolimo.

Ndiyaqonda ukuba imizila ngokubanzi ibangela ukuxinana komhlaba okuncinci kunamavili. Nangona kunjalo, yintsomi ukuba imizila isoloko inika ukuxinana okuncinci. Izifundo zeFirestone Ag zibonisa ukuba imizila yayinomlinganiselo ongcono wokuxinana komhlaba xa amavili alingana nawo ayedlula i-35 psi. Amavili ayefana neemodeli ezilandelelweyo ekuxinaneni komhlaba ukuba awazaliswanga kakhulu okanye awazaliswanga ngokwaneleyo. Abaphandi kwiYunivesithi yaseMinnesota bacebisa ukuba kuthathelwe ingqalelo imithwalo yee-axle kwizixhobo. Imithwalo engaphantsi kweetoni ezili-10 inokubangela ukuxinana okuncinci, okuchaphazela umhlaba ongaphezulu apho iingcambu ezininzi zihlala khona. Imithwalo engaphezulu kweetoni ezili-10 inokubangela ukuxinana okunzulu njengeenyawo ezi-2-3. Oku kuchaphazela kakhulu ukukhula kweengcambu. Abalimi abaninzi bandixelela ukuba iingenelo zexesha elide zemizila yerabha, njengesivuno esingcono kunye nokugcinwa okuncinci, zingaphezulu kweendleko zokuqala.

Ukunciphisa Ukuguguleka Nokukrazulwa Kwezixhobo

Ixesha elide lezixhobo libaluleke kakhulu kuqoqosho lwefama. Ndifunde ukuba uhlobo lweetrekhi ezisetyenziswayo luchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ixesha elihlala ngalo izinto zomgubungeli. Iitrekhi zentsimbi zandisa ingxolo kwaye zidala ukungcangcazela okungakumbi ngexesha lokusebenza. Oku kunokukhokelela ekugugeni ngokukhawuleza kwezinto zomgubungeli omncinci.

Ngokwahlukileyo koko, imizila yerabha yokukhupha izinto ezisetyenziswa ekuvumbululeni izinto inciphisa kakhulu ingxolo kunye nokungcangcazela xa kuthelekiswa nemikhondo yentsimbi. Oku kunceda kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwiindawo zokuhlala okanye ezinengxaki yengxolo. Ndiyazi nokuba imikhondo yentsimbi inzima kakhulu kwiindawo zokuqhuba kunye nemoto engaphantsi komatshini. Imikhondo yerabha ifunxa amaqhuma kunye nengxolo yomhlaba ngcono kakhulu. Zidlulisela ukungcangcazela okuncinci kumatshini. Oku kunciphisa ukungcangcazela okudlulisiweyo kunceda ekongeni iindleko zokusebenza ixesha elide. Ikwabonelela ngamava amnandi kumqhubi. Ndibona oku njengenzuzo ecacileyo yokugcina impilo yezixhobo kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zokulungisa ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Impembelelo yokwenyani: Ubungqina babalimi malungaIindlela zerabha zoMvubukuli

Imveliso Eyandileyo Kwiintsimi Zezityalo

Ndihlala ndisiva abalimi bethetha ngendlela abanokusebenza ngayo ngokukhawuleza ngeetreyi zerabha. Bandixelela ukuba ezi treyi zenza oomatshini babo basebenze kakuhle ngakumbi. Ndibone iingxelo ezibonisa uphuculo olukhulu kwisantya sokusebenza. Oku kuthetha ukuba abalimi banokugqiba imisebenzi ngokukhawuleza.

Oku kusebenza kakuhle kuthetha ngokuthe ngqo kwimisebenzi evelisa ngakumbi. Abalimi banokugubungela umhlaba omninzi ngexesha elincinci. Oku kubalulekile ngexesha lokutyala nokuvuna. Ndikholelwa ukuba esi santya siphezulu sibanceda bahlangabezane nemihla ebekiweyo. Kwakhona sibavumela ukuba bavelise isivuno esikhulu.

Ukuphucula Ubuchule Bokusebenza Kwiindawo Ezixineneyo

Mna ngokwam ndiyibonile indlelaimizila yokumbaguqula umsebenzi kwiindawo ezivalekileyo. Abalimi badla ngokufuna ukusebenza kwiigadi zeziqhamo, kwiidiliya, okanye kwiindawo zokugcina izityalo. Ezi ndawo zifuna ulawulo oluchanekileyo. Ii-excavator ezincinci zase-New Holland, ezineendlela zazo zerabha ezihlala ixesha elide, zivumela ukusebenza ngokuchanekileyo. Zibangela ukuphazamiseka okuncinci kwezi ndawo zibuthathaka. Iindlela zazo zerabha zikwavumela ukuba zihambe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Azibangeli monakalo mkhulu emhlabeni.

Ndifumanisa ukuba ezi matshini zinamandla okuhamba. Ubuncinci bazo buzivumela ukuba zingene kwiindawo ezimxinwa ezifana neegadi zeziqhamo kunye neendawo zokugcina izityalo. Zinerediyasi encinci yokujika. Oku kwenza ukuba zisebenze ngokuguquguquka kunye nemisebenzi emihle kwiindawo ezinzima. Uyilo lwe-crawler luphucula ukugqithwa kunye nozinzo. Luzinceda ukuba zilungelelanise nomhlaba onzima.

Abalimi bandixelela ukuba le mizila ifanelekile ngokukodwa kwiindawo ezinqongopheleyo. Oku kuquka imiyezo yezityalo ezifana ne-kiwifruit, izidiliya, ii-orenji, kunye nee-navel orenji. Uyilo lwazo olulula, oluncinci, noluguquguqukayo lwenza kube lula ukuzithutha. Zingasebenza kwiindawo ezincinci. Uyilo oluncinci olunomzimba ongenamsila luphucula ukuhambahamba. Oku kuluncedo kakhulu kwiindawo ezinqongopheleyo apho ukufikelela kunqongopheleyo khona.

Ukunciphisa Okubalulekileyo Ixesha Lokungasebenzi

Ndiyazi ukuba ixesha lokungasebenzi kwezixhobo linokuba lixabiso eliphantsi kakhulu kubalimi. Iyure nganye xa umatshini ungasebenzi kakuhle kuthetha ukulahlekelwa yimveliso. Imizila yerabha idlala indima enkulu ekunciphiseni eli xesha lokungasebenzi. Ayinakonakala kangako kunemizila yentsimbi kwiindawo ezithile. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukulungiswa kuncinci.

Ndifunde ukuba amavili e-ASV roller asasaza ubunzima ngokulinganayo. Oku kwenzeka kwindawo enkulu yokudibana komhlaba. Kunciphisa uxinzelelo lomhlaba kwaye kuphucula ukubambelela. Inkqubo yePosi-Track, enamavili amaninzi kwitrekhi nganye, ilinganisa umthwalo ngakumbi. Inciphisa uxinzelelo lomhlaba. Oku kuvumela ukuhamba kwiindawo ezibuthathaka. Imizila ye-ASV loader ineepateni ezikhethekileyo zokunyathela. Ezi pateni ziphucula ukubamba. Imizila yesikhokelo isebenza kakuhle kudaka nakwikhephu. Imizila yecala ibonelela ngozinzo engceni nasemathambekeni. Iikhompawundi zerabha eziphambili kunye nee-inserts zentsimbi ziqinisekisa ukuqina kunye nokuguquguquka. Ezi zinto zivumela imizila ukuba ivumelane neendawo ezahlukeneyo.Iingoma ze-ASVoomatshini benzelwe ukukhawulezisa okuphezulu kunye nokutshintsha ngokukhawuleza. Oku kuvumela ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Olu dibaniso lwesantya kunye nobukrelekrele lunceda abaqhubi ukuba bahambe kwiindawo ezixineneyo ngokufanelekileyo.

Imizila yerabha ye-GEHL ikwabonelela ngeenzuzo. Inciphisa uxinzelelo lomhlaba. Oku kulungile kumhlaba othambileyo okanye apho ukuqina komphezulu kubalulekile khona. Kunciphisa umonakalo kwiindawo zezolimo. Iimilo ezinyathelweyo kwimizila yerabha ye-GEHL zinemizobo eyahlukileyo. Zikhuthaza ukubambelela nokuzinza. Iipateni ziyafumaneka kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaba okanye usetyenziso oluqhelekileyo. Imizila ye-GEHL ivumela ukuhambahamba kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaba kunye neemeko zokusingqongileyo. Oku kuqinisekisa imveliso kuyo nayiphi na indawo. Iimodeli ezithile ze-GEHL, ezifana ne-320x86x49umkhondo, ulinganisele amandla aqinileyo kunye nokukhawuleza okukhaphukhaphu. Oku kwenza kube lula ukuchaneka kwiindawo ezinzima. I-GEHL320x86x54Ithrekhi inoyilo oluncinci lwesikhokelo. Iphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwaye iqinisekisa ukubamba okugqwesileyo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Ithrekhi ye-GEHL 400x86x49 inika ukukwazi ukuhamba kakuhle, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nozinzo olufanelekileyo. Inokubamba okugqwesileyo ukuze ikwazi ukuhamba ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka kwiimeko ezinzima. Ezi mpawu zithetha ukuba umatshini awudli kakhulu. Oku kukhokelela ekuqhekekeni okuncinci kunye nexesha elingakumbi lokusebenza emasimini.

Iindlela zerabha zoMvubukulo xa kuthelekiswa neendlela zentsimbi yesintu

Ukutsala Okuphezulu Nokuzinza

Ndidla ngokuthelekisa imizila yerabha yokwemba nemizila yentsimbi yesiqhelo yomsebenzi wasefama. Kwifama, ndifumanisa ukuba imizila yerabha ikhethwa “izihlandlo ezili-9 kwezili-10.” Ilungele intsimi, izolile, kwaye ilungele ukuhamba endleleni. Imikhondo yentsimbi inzima, inomsindo, kwaye inokonakalisa iiyadi, iindlela, nomhlaba. Xa ndijonga ukubambelela, imikhondo yentsimbi ingcono kakhulu kumhlaba orhabaxa, onodaka. Nangona kunjalo, imikhondo yerabha igqwesile kwiindawo ezithambileyo okanye ezigangathiweyo. Imikhondo yerabha enemibhobho emininzi inika ukubamba okuphuculweyo kunye nokuzinza, ngakumbi kumhlaba onodaka okanye othambileyo. Ipateni yabo yokunyathela eyahlukileyo inokunyusa imveliso ukuya kuthi ga kwi-30% kwiimeko ezinzima. Olu yilo lusasaza ubunzima bomatshini, lunciphisa ukuntywila kumhlaba othambileyo. Ikwanciphisa uxinzelelo lomhlaba. Ndicebisa le mikhondo yezolimo kunye neendawo ezinomhlaba okhululekileyo okanye omanzi. Imikhondo yerabha eqhubekayo ikwabonelela ngokubamba okuphezulu kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya udaka. Basasaza ubunzima ngokulinganayo, bethintela imiqolo enzulu kunye nokuxinana komhlaba okugqithisileyo. Ii-tracked skid steers zibonelela ngokubamba okuphezulu, ukuzinza, kunye nokudada kwiindawo ezithambileyo okanye ezingalinganiyo. Zineziko eliphantsi lomxhuzulane, nto leyo ephucula ukhuseleko kumhlaba othambekileyo.

Umonakalo Omncinci Kwiziseko Zophuhliso Lwefama

Ndizibonele ngokwam ukuba umonakalo ungaphantsi kangakananiimizila yerabha yokumbaimbangela. Iindlela zentsimbi zinokubangela iziphethu kunye nomhlaba oxineneyo. Iindlela zerabha, nangona kunjalo, zibangela umonakalo omncinci emhlabeni. Zilungele ingca, i-asphalt, kunye nomhlaba ogqityiweyo. Oku kuthetha ukungonakali kakhulu kwiindlela zasefama, kwiindlela zokungena, nasemasimini. Ukusebenzisa iindlela zerabha kukhokelela ekunciphiseni iindleko zokulungisa iziseko zophuhliso. Ndiyazi ukuba iinkqubo zerabha ezixutyiweyo ze-ballast kwiindlela zikaloliwe zinokuvelisa ukonga okukhulu kweendleko. Lo mgaqo uyasebenza nakwiziseko zophuhliso zasefama. Ukunciphisa umonakalo kuthetha ukulungiswa okuncinci kunye nemali encinci echithwa ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Intuthuzelo kunye noLawulo oluPhucukileyo loMsebenzi

Ndisoloko ndibona umahluko kumava omqhubi. Imizila yerabha inika amanqanaba aphantsi engxolo kunye nokungcangcazela okuncinci. Oku kuphucula kakhulu intuthuzelo yomqhubi. Imizila yentsimbi inomsindo kakhulu kwaye ibangela ukungcangcazela okukhulu. Imizila yerabha ifunxa amaqhuma kunye nengxolo yomhlaba ngcono. Idlulisela ukungcangcazela okuncinci kumatshini. Oku kudala indawo yokusebenza ezolileyo nekhululekileyo. Intuthuzelo ephuculweyo yomqhubi ikhokelela ekugxileni okungcono kunye nokudinwa okuncinci. Izifundo zibonisa ukuba abaqhubi abadinwa kangako ngokwasemzimbeni ngolawulo olungcono. Oku kukhokelela ngokuthe ngqo ekwandeni kwemveliso. Xa abaqhubi bekhululekile, benza iimpazamo ezimbalwa kwaye bagcina imveliso ephezulu iyonke.

Iingenelo zoqoqosho zeeNdlela zerabha zoMmbi weeNgcali kubalimi

Ukusetyenziswa kwepetroli okuphantsi

Ndihlala ndisiva abalimi bexoxa ngokubaluleka kokulawula iindleko zokusebenza. Ukusetyenziswa kwepetroli yindleko enkulu. Ndifunde ukuba imizila yerabha inegalelo elikhulu ekunciphiseni iindleko zepetroli. Ezi mizila zilula kunemizila yentsimbi yesiqhelo. Oku kunciphisa ubunzima kuthetha ukuba umatshini usebenzisa amandla amancinci ukuhamba. Ngaphezu koko, imizila yerabha inika ukumelana okuncinci kokuqengqeleka. Oku kuyinyani ngakumbi kwiindawo ezigudileyo okanye ezixineneyo. Ukumelana okuncinci kuthetha ngokuthe ngqo ukuba amafutha atshiswe kancinci ngexesha lokusebenza. Abalimi banokubona ukonga okukhulu ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Ixesha Lobomi Bezixhobo Ezandisiweyo

Ndiyaqonda ukuba oomatshini basefama bamele utyalo-mali olubalulekileyo. Ukukhusela olo tyalo-mali kubalulekile. Imizila yerabha idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekwandiseni ubomi bezixhobo. Zifunxa ukungcangcazela kunye nokungcangcazela ngcono kakhulu kunemizila yentsimbi. Oku kunciphisa uxinzelelo kwinjini ye-excavator, iinkqubo ze-hydraulic, kunye nezixhobo ezingaphantsi kwesithuthi. Ukungonakali kangako kwezi ndawo zibalulekileyo kuthetha ukuba zihlala ixesha elide. Abalimi bayazuza kwiingxaki ezimbalwa zokonakala kwangaphambi kwexesha kunye nobomi obude bokusebenza koomatshini babo abaxabisekileyo.

Iindleko Zokulungisa Ezincitshisiweyo

Ndiyazi ukuba iindleko zokugcina izinto zinokongeza ngokukhawuleza kubalimi. Imizila yerabha inceda ukugcina ezi ndleko ziphantsi. Zibangela umonakalo omncinci kwinqwelo yangaphantsi yomatshini. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukulungiswa okuncinci kunye nokutshintshwa kweerola, ii-sprockets, kunye nee-idlers kuncinci.Iingoma zerabhaazinakwenzeka ukuba zonakalise iziseko zefama, njengeendlela ezigangathiweyo okanye umgangatho wekhonkrithi. Oku kunciphisa isidingo sokulungiswa okubizayo kwifama ngokwayo. Abalimi bafumana iindleko ezimbalwa zokulungisa ezingalindelekanga. Oku kukhokelela kwibhajethi yokulungisa eqikelelweyo ngakumbi kwaye iphantsi.

Abalimi bahlala bencoma iindlela zerabha zokumba ngokuguqula imisebenzi yabo kulo lonke elaseMzantsi Melika. Ndibona ezi nzuzo zivela ekusebenzeni ngcono kunye neendleko ezincitshisiweyo ukuya ekugcinweni kakuhle kwendalo. Umzekelo, iindlela zerabha zithintela umonakalo emasimini ekulimeni ummoba. Zikwanciphisa ukuxinana komhlaba, zikhuthaza umhlaba onempilo. Ezi ndlela ngoku zisisixhobo esibalulekileyo kumashishini amaninzi ezolimo aseMzantsi Melika, ziqhuba inkqubela phambili kunye nokuzinza.

FAQ

Imizila yerabha inceda njani umhlaba wefama yam?

Ndifumanisa ukuba imikhondo yerabha iyawusasaza ubunzima bomatshini. Oku kunciphisa kakhulu ukuxinana komhlaba. Kunceda ukugcina izakhiwo zeengcambu ziphilile. Oku kukhokelela kwisivuno esingcono sesivuno.

Ngaba imigca yerabha ibiza kakhulu kuneimizila yerabha yentsimbi?

Ndiyazi ukuba imigca yerabha inexabiso eliphezulu lokuqala. Nangona kunjalo, inika ukusetyenziswa kwepetroli okuphantsi. Ikwanciphisa iindleko zokulungisa. Oku kukhokelela ekongeni ixesha elide kum.

Ndingayisebenzisa imikhondo yerabha kuzo zonke izixhobo zam zasefama?

Ndibona ukuba imikhondo yerabha ifanelekile kwii-excavators ezininzi. Zisebenza kakuhle kwii-compact track loaders. Zilungele ii-multi-terrain loaders. Oku kuzenza zibe nobuchule kwimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yasefama.

UYvonne

Umlawuli wentengiso

Ingcali kushishino lwendlela yerabha kangangeminyaka engaphezu kwe-15.

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