Indlela Ukushisa Okuphezulu Okuthinta NgayoIthrekhi YomvubukuliUkusebenza

Ukusebenzisa imishini esindayo phakathi nezinyanga zasehlobo eziphakeme kakhulu kuletha ukucindezeleka okukhulu kokushisa ezingxenyeni ezingaphansi kwenqola. Abaphathi bemikhumbi kanye nonjiniyela abasebenza ezindaweni ezomile nezishisa kakhulu baqaphela njalo ukuthi amazinga okushisa aphezulu azungezile—ngokuvamile adlula ama-95°F (35°C)—angahumushela emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kakhulu e-asphalt noma kukhonkolo, ngezinye izikhathi adlula ama-140°F (60°C). Kulezi zimo ezibucayi, ukwakheka kwerabha okujwayelekile kwehla ngokushesha, ngokuvamile kunciphisa isikhathi sokuphila sethrekhi iyonke ngo-20% kuya ku-30%. Ukuqonda amandla okushisa ayisisekelo kubalulekile ukuze kuchazwe imishini efanele, kusungulwe izinqubo ezifanele zokucindezela, futhi kuvinjelwe isikhathi sokungasebenzi esibizayo phakathi nezigaba zephrojekthi ezibalulekile.

Izindlela zokwehluleka okuhlobene nokushisa okufanele uzibuke

Ukwehluleka okuhlobene nokushisa akuvamile ukwenzeka ngobusuku obubodwa; kubonakala ngokuwohloka kwezinto okuqhubekayo. Inkinga evamile ukuqhekeka, lapho irabha ilahlekelwa khona ukunwebeka kwayo, iqine ngaphansi kokuvezwa yi-UV, futhi idabuke insimbi eyinhloko. Ukusebenza okuqhubekayo ku-asphalt eshisayo kakhulu kunganciphisa kakhulu isikhathi sokuphila serabha esijwayelekile—ngokuvamile kwehlisa isikhathi sokuphila samahora angu-1,500-2,000 sibe amahora angu-800-1,200. Ngenkathi ukwehla okuqondile kuhlukahluka kakhulu ngomkhiqizi, isifunda, kanye nesigaba somshini, ukuguguleka okusheshayo kuyingozi kuyo yonke indawo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwanda kokushisa kuthinta isakhiwo sangaphakathi. Njengoba irabha ithambisa futhi izingxenye zensimbi zangaphakathi zishisa (ngokuvamile zidlula amazinga okushisa angaphakathi angu-180°F/82°C), ingozi yokuhlukanisa izintambo zensimbi iyanda ngamaphesenti afinyelela ku-40%. Lapho opharetha bephendula nge-torque ephezulu ezindaweni ezihambisana nokushayisana okuphezulu, irabha ethambile ayikwazi ukubamba izintambo zensimbi ezikhulayo, okuvame ukuholela ekuqhekekeni kwezintambo okubi kakhulu.

Imizila yerabha vs imizila yensimbi vs amaphedi e-bolt-on

Uma ucacisaamathrekhi amaphrojekthi asehlobo, ukuhlola ukuhwebelana phakathi kwezinhlobo zezinto kubalulekile. Imizila yensimbi engenalutho ibekezelela kalula amazinga okushisa aphezulu kakhulu (kufika ku-300°F/150°C) ngaphandle kokuwohloka kwesakhiwo, kodwa ibhubhisa izindawo ezigandayiwe, ibeke imikhawulo eqinile yezokuthutha kanye neyomthetho womgwaqo, futhi yandisa ukukhathala komqhubi ngokudlidliza okukhulu nomsindo (ngokuvamile inezela u-10–15 dB emsindweni wekhabhinethi). Ngaphezu kwalokho, nakuba ingenakho ukushisa okuphezulu ngokwesakhiwo, imizila yensimbi ihambisa amandla okushisa ngqo kuma-roller, ama-idlers, kanye nama-seal. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza okuqhubekayo kwesimo sezulu esishisayo, lokhu kuhanjiswa kungaphakamisa amazinga okushisa kawoyela kanye namafutha ngaphansi kwesithuthi ngo-15°F kuya ku-25°F, kusheshise ukuguguleka kwe-seal.

Okujwayelekileamathrekhi okumba irabhazihlinzeka ngokubamba okuhle kakhulu kanye nokuvikelwa kobuso, kodwa ziba sengozini enkulu lapho amazinga okushisa omhlaba efika eziqongweni zasehlobo eziqine kakhulu.

Ezindaweni ezisetshenziswa ngokuxubile, ama-bolt-on noma ama-clip-on ngerabha phezu kwamaketanga ensimbi avame ukunconywa. Le ndlela ehlanganisiwe ivumela i-undercarriage yensimbi esindayo ukuthi ithwale umthwalo wesakhiwo nokushisa kuyilapho ama-raber pad angashintshwa ephatha ukuthintana kwendawo, okuvumela ukulungiswa kwendawo kunokushintsha indawo yonke. Kodwa-ke, amaqembu okuthenga kumele abhekane nezingozi zokukhulula ihadiwe kanye nokuhambisana kohlobo lwesixhumanisi; ukujikeleza kokushisa kanye nemfucumfucu evuthayo kungabangela ukuthi ama-bolts abuyele emuva, okuholela ekuqhekekeni kwama-pad kancane uma opharetha bengayihloli njalo i-torque.

Imininingwane Eyinhloko Yemisebenzi Yesimo Sezulu Esishisayo

Ukucacisa izingxenye ezifanele zesitimela esingaphansi kwemoto ukuze kusetshenziswe imisebenzi yesimo sezulu esishisayo kudinga ukubheka ngale kokulingana okuyisisekelo. Onjiniyela bemikhumbi kumele bahlaziye ngokujulile izakhiwo zezinto futhi bazifanise nezidingo zokusebenza komshini. Ishidi lokucacisa elibukeka lifanele izimo zasentwasahlobo eziphakathi livame ukwehluleka ngaphansi komthwalo wokushisa ongapheli wephrojekthi yokugandaya kaJulayi.

Ukwakheka okuhlanganisiwe kanye namandla esidumbu

Isisekelo sokuqina kokushisa okuphezulu sisekwakheni kwenhlanganisela. Ukukhethwa kwenhlanganisela kumele kulinganise ngokucophelela ukuguga kokushisa, ukumelana nokuguguleka, kanye nokumelana nokusika. Esikhundleni sokuthembela kuphela ngerabha yemvelo ejwayelekile, abathengi kufanele babheke izingxube ezizimele ezifaka ama-elastomer okwenziwa njenge-Styrene-Butadiene Rubber (SBR), i-chloroprene, noma i-EPDM, ezisiza ukugcina ubuqotho besakhiwo emazingeni okushisa okusebenza afinyelela ku-175°F (80°C) futhi zihlose amandla okudonseka angu-2,500–3,000 PSI. Kodwa-ke, ukukhetha kwenhlanganisela kumele kufane nemodi yokuhluleka kwesayithi lomsebenzi evelele; izinto zokwenziwa ezingamelani nokushisa ngezinye izikhathi zingahweba ukumelana kokuguguleka noma ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu esibandayo uma kuqhathaniswa nerabha yemvelo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izintambo zensimbi eziqinile neziqhubekayo, ezingenamajoyinti (ezinobubanzi obuvame ukuba phakathi kuka-4.5mm no-5.5mm) ziyizinto ezilindelekile zekhwalithi eyisisekelo kwesimanje.amathrekhi enjoloba e-premium, hhayi ukuthuthukiswa okuthuthukisiwe. Amaqembu okuthenga kumele aqinisekise lokhu kwakhiwa kwesidumbu futhi enqabe ngokusobala imikhiqizo yentambo engaxhunywanga kahle noma ehlanganisiwe ezohluleka ngokushesha ngaphansi kwamandla okwelula abangelwa ukushisa. Ngokungafani nesidumbu sentambo esiqhubekayo, izinsimbi eziyinhloko ezihlanganisiwe (izixhumanisi zensimbi ezihlanganisa i-drive sprocket) kufanele zenziwe nge-drop-forged noma zisebenzise ama-castings ebanga eliphezulu, aphathwe ngokushisa. Lokhu kuvimbela ukuqhekeka okubuthakathaka lapho ithrekhi idlula ekushintsheni kwezinga lokushisa okusheshayo, okuqinisekisa ukuhambisana okuthembekile ne-undercarriage.

Isisindo somshini, umjikelezo womsebenzi, kanye nezimo zobuso

Isisindo sokusebenza komshini kanye nomjikelezo womsebenzi kunquma ukuthi kungakanani ukushisa kwangaphakathi okukhiqizwa ngokungqubuzana nokugoba. Lezi zici zikhula ngendlela ehlukile kuzo zonke izinhlobo zesisindo. Isibonelo, imishini yokumba encane encane (amathani angu-1.5 kuya kwangu-3) egijima ngokushintshwa okuqhubekayo ikhiqiza ukushisa okukhulu kwangaphakathi kwe-hysteresis ngokugoba okusheshayo kwendlela, kuyilapho imishini yokumba emikhulu (amathani angu-5 kuya kwangu-8) isebenzisa amandla amakhulu okucheba emigwaqweni ngesikhathi sokujika. Zombili izindlela zisheshisa ukuwohloka kokushisa. Ukuze kulwiwe nalokhu, opharetha kufanele bavumele izikhathi zokupholisa ezanele (isb., imizuzu eyi-15 njalo emahoreni ama-2 kuya kwangu-3 okuhamba okuqhubekayo) futhi banciphise ukuhamba ngesivinini esingadingekile, njengoba imikhawulo yokushisa eqondile ihluka ngobukhulu bomshini, izinga lokushisa elizungezile, kanye nohlobo lobuso.

Ingcindezi yokuthwala phansi (ngokuvamile i-4.0 kuya ku-6.5 PSI) nayo idlala indima ebalulekile. Imishini enengcindezi ephezulu yomhlaba izophoqa ama-track lugs ukuthi angene kakhulu emhlabathini oshiswe kakhulu. Irabha ethambile ngokushisa isengozini enkulu yokungena; amatshe abukhali kanye nemfucumfucu kungeneka kalula kakhulu ezimweni ezishisayo, okudinga iphrofayili ye-lug ejiyile nehlala isikhathi eside ukuvimbela ukubhoboka ekufinyeleleni izintambo zensimbi.

Ukulungiswa Kwensimu Ekushiseni Okuphezulu

Ukuze kuvalwe igebe phakathi kwemininingwane yemishini ebonakalayo kanye nokusebenza, abaphathi bezindawo kumele baqinisekise ukuthi abaqhubi basebenzisa izinqubo eziqinile zokulungisa insimu ngesikhathi sezulu esishisayo.

Indlela Yokuthola NokugunyazaAmathrekhi Enjoloba Yomvubukuli

Uma ngichaza imigwaqo yokumba yesimo sezulu sasehlobo esibi kakhulu, ukuthola kudinga okungaphezu nje kokulinganisa ubukhulu bemoto engaphansi kwenqola. Ngihlala ngihlola abakhiqizi ngokusekelwe emandleni abo obuchwepheshe aqinisekisiwe okuletha izingxube ze-polymer ezingashisi.

Ukuhlolwa kwabahlinzeki kanye nemibhalo edingekayo

Ukuze ngiqinisekise ukuzinza kokushisa, ngidinga imibhalo yobuchwepheshe eqinile ngaphambi kokuvuma umthengisi omusha. Nakuba isitifiketi se-ISO 9001 sisebenza njengesisekelo sokuphathwa kwekhwalithi yefektri, ngibeka phambili imibiko yokuhlola izinto ezihlanganisiwe (ama-MTR). Ngezicelo zokushisa okuphezulu, ngicela abahlinzeki ngemiphumela yelabhorethri evela eceleni ekhombisa ukugcinwa kwamandla okunamathela kwerabha ngemva kokuguga kokushisa, okuvame ukuhlolwa ngokwezindinganiso ze-ASTM D573.

Uma ngihlola umhlinzeki, ngiyaqinisekisa amadokhumenti alandelayo:

• Imibiko Yokuhlolwa Kwezinto Ezibalulekile:Ukuqinisekisa isilinganiso esifanele serabha yemvelo kuma-polymers okwenziwa (njengerabha ye-styrene-butadiene, ethuthukisa ukumelana nokushisa).
• Izivumelwano Zewaranti:Ukuqinisekisa ukumbozwa okucacile kokwehla kokushisa, ukususwa kwe-debunation, kanye nokuqhekeka kwe-tread.
• Amalogi e-Vulcanization:Ubufakazi bokuqapha amazinga okushisa nokucindezela okuqhubekayo ngesikhathi senqubo yokulungisa.

Ukulinganisela izindleko zangaphambilini nempilo yesevisi

Amaqembu okuthenga avame ukugxila entengo yokuqala, kodwa mina ngibala Izindleko Zobunikazi Eziphelele (i-TCO) laphoukukhetha amathrekhi okumbakwemisebenzi enzima yasehlobo. Imizila ejwayelekile ye-aftermarket ingabiza kancane ngo-20% kuya ku-30% kusengaphambili. Kodwa-ke, ukusebenza okuqhubekayo ezindaweni ezihudulayo, ezingama-45°C (113°F) kusheshisa ngokushesha ukuwohloka kwerabha, okunciphisa njalo impilo yenkonzo yemizila kufika ku-40%.

Ukutshala imali kuamathrekhi okuqhuma aphezuluOkwenziwe ngezithasiselo ezikhethekile zokulwa nokuguga kuvimbela ukwelula kusenesikhathi kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwezintambo zensimbi. Ngokwazi kwami ​​ukuphatha imishini emikhulu, ukususa umcimbi owodwa nje ongahleliwe wesikhathi sokuphumula phakathi nesizini kunciphisa kalula izindleko zokuqala eziphezulu zemali yemizila elungiselelwe ukushisa.

Izinto Ezibalulekile Okufanele Uzicabangele

• Cacisa imizila ngokusekelwe ekushiseni kwangempela komhlaba, ngoba i-asphalt noma ukhonkolo kungadlula u-140°F (60°C) uma amazinga okushisa emoyeni engaba ngu-95°F (35°C).
• Lindela ukuthi impilo yethrekhi yerabha ejwayelekile yehle ngo-20% kuya ku-30% ekusebenzeni kwehlobo elibi kakhulu ngaphandle kokuthi kusetshenziswa izincazelo ezingamelani nokushisa kanye nemikhuba yokulungisa.
• Gwema ukujika okunamandla aphezulu emgwaqweni oshiswa kakhulu, njengoba irabha ethambile kanye nezintambo zensimbi ezikhulayo kungandisa ingozi yokuqhekeka kwezintambo kanye nokuqhekeka kwezintambo.
• Sebenzisa izintambo zensimbi ezingenalutho kuphela uma umonakalo womphezulu, umsindo owengeziwe, imikhawulo yokuhamba, kanye nokudluliselwa kokushisa ezivalweni nasemarolini kuyizindlela ezamukelekayo zokushintshana.
• Cabanga ngama-bolt-on noma ama-clip-on ngerabha ezindaweni ezixubile, kodwa hlela ukuhlolwa kwe-torque yehadiwe njalo ngoba ukujikeleza kokushisa kungakhulula ama-bolt.

imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa

Yikuphi izinga lokushisa lomhlabathi eliyingozi ngokwejwayelekileamathrekhi okumba irabha?

Imizila yerabha ejwayelekile iba sengozini lapho amazinga okushisa omhlaba we-asphalt noma wekhonkrithi esondela noma edlula u-140°F (60°C), noma ngabe umoya ozungezile ucishe ube ngu-95°F (35°C) kuphela.

Ukushisa kwehlobo kunganciphisa kangakanani impilo yendlela yerabha?

Ukushisa okukhulu kunganciphisa isikhathi sokuphila kwethrekhi yerabha iyonke ngo-20% kuya ku-30%. Ezimweni ezinzima, isikhathi esijwayelekile senkonzo yamahora angu-1,500–2,000 singase sehle siye emahoreni angaba ngu-800–1,200.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezinkulu ezihlobene nokushisa okufanele uziqaphele?

Izindlela ezivamile zokwehluleka zifaka phakathi ukugoba irabha, ukuqina ngenxa yokuvezwa yi-UV, ukuhlukanisa izintambo zensimbi, kanye nokuqhekeka kwezintambo okubangelwa ukujika kwe-torque ephezulu ezindaweni ezishisayo nezinomfutho ophezulu.

Ingabe imizila yensimbi ingcono kunemizila yerabha ekushiseni okukhulu?

Imizila yensimbi ibekezelela amazinga okushisa aphezulu kakhulu ebusweni, kodwa ingalimaza umgwaqo, yandise umsindo wekhabhini ngo-10-15 dB, ibhekane nemikhawulo yokusetshenziswa komgwaqo, futhi idlulisele ukushisa kuma-roller, ama-idlers, kanye nama-seal.

Kunini lapho kufanele ngicabangele khona ama-rubber pad afakwe ama-bolt-on phezu kwamaketanga ensimbi?

Ama-bolt-on noma ama-clip-on ngerabha awusizo ezindaweni ezisetshenziswa ngokuxubile ngoba insimbi ithwala umthwalo wesakhiwo kuyilapho ama-pads angashintshwa evikela izindawo ezigandayiwe. Adinga ukuhlolwa njalo kwe-torque ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuxega.